James h



(No Model.) J. H. FORD & 1v[ JURUIGK.

PHOTOGRAPHIG CAMERA.

No. 403.994. Patented May 28, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES ll. FOR-D, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y., ANDhlAX JURUIOK, ()F JERSEY CITY, NE\V JERSEY; SAID JURUICK ASSIGNOR TO SAID FORD.

PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 403,994, dated May 28, 1889.

Application filed May 25, 1888. Serial No. 275,027. (No model.)

To aZZ 2071 0722 it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES H. FORD, of the city, county, and State of New York, and a citizen of the United States, and MAX JUR- UICK, a subject of the King of Saxony, in the Empire of Germany, and residing at Jersey City, county of Hudson, and State of New Jersoy, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Photographic Cameras, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to portable photographic cameras; and it consists in an improved form of shutter and means for controlling the operation of the same, whereby an instantaneous or prolonged exposure, as may be desired, is obtained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a side elevation of a camera constructed according to our invention. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same. Figs. 3 and 4 are respectively a vertical and a horizontal section through the center thereof, and Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a case within which the caniera may be fitted and carried.

Similar letters refer to si mi] ar parts throu ghout the several figures.

A designates a dome-shaped shell, to the apex of which is secured an ordinary lens, 13. The base of this shell is secured to a rectangular plate, 0, having sides 0 c c 0 extending rearwardly therefrom. Vithin these sides is secured an open frame, D, which may be of wood and faced with felt, D, or other suitable packing material. The sides 0 c c are provided with inwardly-turned flanges c" c 0, between which and the packing D'is a space for thereception of a plate-holder, E, of any ordinary construction. The side 0 is open beyond the packing D, to allow, the plateholder to be inserted and withdrawn.

6 e are springs which tend to press the plateholder firmly against the packin F is a shutter, consisting of a hollow segment of spherical form having an opening, f, at its apex, and may be made of thin sheet metal. This shutter is mounted on pivots g and g,to rock within the shell A, and has a portion of its base on two opposite sides cut away sufliciently to allow ot the requisite range of motion therein.

The form of the shell A is concentric with the center of motion of the shutter F, rearward of which center it may be cylindrical, and near its apex it has a portion, a, slightly depressed from a true are. \Vhen the shutterF is rocked to its extreme limits of motion in either direction, that edge, f or f, of its base which is nearest the lens will fit close against the depressed portion a of the shell A. By this means sufficient clearance is obtained between the shell A and the shutter for a free movement of the latter, which, when ready for use, as shown in Fig. 3, will have its edge close enough to the depressed portion a of the shell as to effectually exclude light before an exposure, and similarly the edge f when the shutter is in a reverse position, will be opposite the depressed portion of the shell A, and so exclude the light after an exposure.

The shutter is mounted to turn loosely on the pivot g, secured to the shell A, and at its opposite side it is secured to the pivot g, extending loosely through the shell and supported in a plate, G, secured to the side 0. Around this pivot g is a coil-spring, g having one end secured to said pivot and its other end secured to the plate O. This spring tends to operate the shutter after being set ready for use. The pivot g has a collar portion, g, against which bears the free end of a resilientbar, g, whose other end is secured to the plate 0. A screw, g bearing against the plate C, enables the bar g to be pressed with more or less intensity against the collar of the pivot, and so act as a brake to regulate the speed with which the shutter operates after being released. The pivot g has secured to its end a bell-crank lever, 9 provided with a handpiece, 9 by which the shutter is turned in position for use.

II is a tripping device consisting of two sliding detents, h h, having shanks loosely fitted to slide inturned-up portions of the plate G, and around which'shanks are coilsprings tending to press the upper end of the detents within the path of motion of the bellcrank lever g.

7L2 7L3 are projections for depressing the detents and releasing the shutter by hand, and

72, 725 are screws acting as guides for the detents. The detent h is provided with a shoulder, h, bearing on the detent h.

The operation of our invention when a prolonged exposure is desired is as follows: The lever g is turned to bring the shutter in a position ready for use, as shown in Fig. 3, and is held in this position by the detent h. After the slide of the plate-holder has been withdrawn the detent. h is depressed and the shutter, actuated by the coil-spring g will be stopped by the detent h in a position, as shown in Fig. 4, with its opening f opposite the lens. After sufficient time has elapsed the detent h is tripped, and the shutter completes its motion to a position reverse of that shown in Fig.3. A stop, a, is secured to the shellA to limit this motion, and a stop, g, is also provided on the plate G to limit the motion in the other direction.

WVhen an instantaneous exposure is desired, the operation is similar to that above described, except that the detent h is depressed instead of the detent h, the latter being depressed by the shoulder h. By this .means the shutter is free to rock to its extreme limit of motion.

L is a casing, and may be of wood and of any convenient form. It is provided with a sliding movable bottom portion, 1, for the insertion of the camera, and has an opening, Z,

opposite the lens, and also a slotted opening,

Z for operating the detents. Grooves Z are also provided on opposite sides within this box, in which pins 0 attached to the camera, fit and slide. Our improved camera, however, may be used either with or without such a casing.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a photographic camera, the combination of the following elements: a hollow spherical shell having a slightly-depressed portion near its apex, a lens secured to said apex, a plate-holder receptacle secured to the base of said shell, and a shutter in the form of a segment of a hollow sphere, having an opening at its apex and pivotally mounted to rock within said shell, substantially as described.

2. In a photographic camera, the combination of the following elements: a hollow spherical shell having a slightly-depressed portion near its apex, a lens secured to said apex, a plate-holder receptacle secured to the base of said shell, a shutter in the form of a segment of a hollow sphere, having an opening at its apex and pivotally mounted to rock within said shell, one pivot being secured to said shutter, and provided with a coil-spring and hand-crank, said spring to actuate the shutter in one direction, and the said hand-crank controlled by detents'for turning said shutter in the other direction for setting, substantially as described.

3. In a photographic camera, the combination of a dome-shaped shell provided with a lens and a plate-holder receptacle, a shutter in the form of a spherical segment working on pivots loosely within said shell, the latter having an annular depressed portion at a suitable distance from its apex to form a closefitting connection with the shutter around the inner surface of the shell adjacent to the opening to the lens for excluding light, a coilspring for actuating the shutter, a brake bearing against a pivot secured to the shutter for controlling its motion, a tripping device consisting of two spring-actuated detents adapted to engage with the extremity of a lever secured to said pivot, one of said detents having a shoulder bearing on the other detent, whereby an instantaneous or prolonged exposure is obtained by manipulating a single detent, and stops for limiting the motion of the shutter in both directions, substantially as described.

4. In combination with a photographic camera, substantially as described, the tripping device I-I, com prising two spring-actuated sliding detents, h It, provided with handpieces, the detent h having a shoulder engaging the other detent, whereby the motion of the shutter may be made partial or complete by the manipulation of a single detent, substantially as described.

JAMES H. FORD. MAX JURUICK.

Vitnesses:

PHILIP J. OREILLY, JAMES J. QUINN. 

